SDG 12 covers responsible consumption and production: ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns. This is the largest category on Keys for Tomorrow with over 6,000 projects, ranging from circular economy business models and sustainable packaging to waste reduction, upcycling, and resource-efficient manufacturing.
Responsible production connects closely to several other goals, particularly SDG 9 (industry and innovation) and SDG 14/15 (life below water, life on land), since how products are made and disposed of has direct downstream environmental impact. Related categories worth browsing include waste and recycling and packaging.
What counts as an SDG 12 project? Businesses and initiatives that reduce waste, extend product life cycles, or make production and consumption measurably more resource-efficient.