Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a way to survey nature based on DNA in the environment, making it easy for businesses all over the world to measure biodiversity.
eDNA allows for the generation of data on species and ecosystems at new sizes by using DNA traces that organisms leave behind in the environment, particularly in water. A basic kit is used to filter water from lakes, rivers, and seas, catching DNA traces on the filter membrane and sending them to a laboratory for examination. The DNA is sequenced in the lab, and the sequences are compared to a reference library to determine the species from which it came. A single litre of water may show hundreds of species, ranging from bacteria to blue whales and encompassing both species that dwell in the water and those that reside nearby on land. Because of the simplicity of sampling, biodiversity may be assessed in more areas, more frequently, and by a broader variety of stakeholders, giving evidence for successful conservation, impact mitigation, and restoration of our natural resources.
Positive facts about Environmental DNA (eDNA)
1L of river water can provide as much data on the fish community as up to 10 years of annual electrofishing surveys
For surveying terrestrial mammals, eDNA can detect 25% more species than camera traps for half the cost
Over 90% reduction in CO2 emissions achievable in some locations through use of on-site personnel to conduct biodiversity surveys using eDNA, rather than flying in teams of ecologists to conduct conventional surveys
Over 10 times more sensitive to detect some invasive species at low population levels compared with conventional surveillance, enabling faster response for control and management to prevent further spread
75% cheaper than mainstream alternative survey methodologies for some species
Hundreds of species can be surveyed with eDNA for the same cost as a single species surveyed with conventional methods
Video about Environmental DNA (eDNA)
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Environmental DNA (eDNA) website : https://naturemetrics.co.uk/info-hub/core-technology/